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       <title>White Papers - National Institute for Direct Instruction (NIFDI)</title>
       <description><![CDATA[<p>NIFDI white papers provide summaries of the literature related to Direct Instruction and analysis and commentary of contemporary issues in education. </p>]]></description>
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           <title>Does the What Works Clearinghouse Really Work?: Investigations into Issues of Policy, Practice, and Transparency (January, 2017)</title>
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           <media:title type="plain">Does the What Works Clearinghouse Really Work?: Investigations into Issues of Policy, Practice, and Transparency (January, 2017)</media:title>
           <media:description type="html"><![CDATA[<p>This report reviews criticisms of What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) publications and policies, errors identified in their publications, and issues regarding the transparency and accountability of the WWC. The review is based on material obtained from a series of Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests submitted by the National Institute for Direct Instruction and subsequent appeals.&nbsp;With the information provided from the FOIA requests and appeals, and the publicly available information on the WWC, three conclusions appear clear: 1) The WWC suffers from a lack of transparency in their policies and guidelines, 2) the conclusions they create in their reports can be misleading, and 3) the reports are potentially damaging to program developers and ultimately the success of students. The validity and practicality of the WWC policies and reports are discussed.</p>]]></media:description>
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           <description><![CDATA[<p>This report reviews criticisms of What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) publications and policies, errors identified in their publications, and issues regarding the transparency and accountability of the WWC. The review is based on material obtained from a series of Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests submitted by the National Institute for Direct Instruction and subsequent appeals.&nbsp;With the information provided from the FOIA requests and appeals, and the publicly available information on the WWC, three conclusions appear clear: 1) The WWC suffers from a lack of transparency in their policies and guidelines, 2) the conclusions they create in their reports can be misleading, and 3) the reports are potentially damaging to program developers and ultimately the success of students. The validity and practicality of the WWC policies and reports are discussed.</p>]]></description>
           <author>ashlycupit@gmail.com (Ashly Cupit)</author>
           <category>White Papers</category>
           <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jan 2017 10:24:52 -0800</pubDate>
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           <title>Throwing the Baby Out with the Bathwater? The What Works Clearinghouse Criteria for Group Equivalence, Sep. 9, 2013</title>
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           <author>ccox@nifdi.org (Christina Cox)</author>
           <category>White Papers</category>
           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 16:13:08 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>Direct Instruction, Comprehensive School Reform, and Student Achievement, July 5, 2015</title>
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           <author>ccox@nifdi.org (Christina Cox)</author>
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           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 16:03:28 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>The Ups and Downs of Whole School Reform: A Case Study of Success and Its Demise, April 11, 2009</title>
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           <author>ccox@nifdi.org (Christina Cox)</author>
           <category>White Papers</category>
           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 16:02:13 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>A Summary of Concerns Regarding the What Works Clearinghouse, Sept. 4, 2012</title>
           <link>https://www.nifdi.org/docman/research/white-papers/1357-a-summary-of-concerns-regarding-the-what-works-clearinghouse-sept-4-2012.html</link>
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           <author>ccox@nifdi.org (Christina Cox)</author>
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           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 16:00:21 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>The Potential Long-Term Economic and Health Impacts of Direct Instruction, May 22, 2015</title>
           <link>https://www.nifdi.org/docman/research/white-papers/1356-the-potential-long-term-economic-and-health-impacts-of-direct-instruction-may-22-2015.html</link>
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           <author>ccox@nifdi.org (Christina Cox)</author>
           <category>White Papers</category>
           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 15:56:29 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>Summary of Literature Regarding the Effectiveness of Direct Instruction and Projections of Changes in Achievement, October 24, 2013</title>
           <link>https://www.nifdi.org/docman/research/white-papers/1355-summary-of-literature-regarding-the-effectiveness-of-direct-instruction-and-projections-of-changes-in-achievement-october-24-2013.html</link>
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           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 15:55:07 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>Does the What Works Clearinghouse Work? (Sept. 2013)</title>
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           <author>ccox@nifdi.org (Christina Cox)</author>
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           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 15:51:11 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>A Brief Summary of Research on Direct Instruction, January 2015</title>
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           <author>ccox@nifdi.org (Christina Cox)</author>
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           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 15:48:49 -0700</pubDate>
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           <title>Harmful Effects of Academic Early Education? A Look at the Claims and the Evidence, June 15, 2015</title>
           <link>https://www.nifdi.org/docman/research/white-papers/1351-harmful-effects-of-academic-early-education-a-look-at-the-claims-and-the-evidence-june-15-2015.html</link>
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           <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2015 15:47:34 -0700</pubDate>
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